What is Cystodiathermy Surgery

What is cystodiathermy surgery is a medical procedure commonly used to treat bladder-related conditions, especially chronic cystitis and small bladder tumors. It involves the use of electrical current to destroy or cauterize problematic tissues inside the bladder. This minimally invasive technique is widely used in urology to improve patient outcomes with faster recovery and minimal discomfort.

Cystodiathermy is gaining popularity due to its precision, safety, and ability to offer long-term relief without the need for large incisions or extended hospital stays. Whether you’re dealing with persistent bladder infections, blood in the urine, or small benign growths inside the bladder, this procedure can be a game-changer in restoring comfort and improving urinary health.

What is Cystodiathermy Surgery?

Cystodiathermy is a combination of two terms :-

1. “Cysto” refers to the bladder (from “cystoscopy,” which means bladder examination).

2. “Diathermy” is the use of electrically induced heat to treat tissue.

During cystodiathermy surgery, a urologist uses an instrument called a cystoscope, which is inserted through the urethra to access the bladder. Through this device, a diathermy probe delivers a controlled electric current to burn or coagulate targeted tissues, such as inflamed areas or small tumors.

When is Cystodiathermy Recommended?

Cystodiathermy is primarily used to treat bladder conditions that have not responded to medications or lifestyle changes. Common indications for cystodiathermy include :-

1. Chronic cystitis :- Persistent inflammation of the bladder lining, often due to recurring urinary tract infections (UTIs).

2. Interstitial cystitis :- A painful bladder condition where diathermy may help manage inflamed areas.

3. Bladder lesions or polyps :- Small benign growths that can be cauterized to prevent symptoms or complications.

4. Non-muscle invasive bladder tumors :- Small, superficial tumors that can be safely removed or cauterized.

5. Bleeding in the bladder (hematuria) :- Cauterization helps stop bleeding from irritated or abnormal tissue.

6. Bladder neck sclerosis :- Scar tissue around the neck of the bladder, which may be treated with diathermy to improve urine flow.

The Cystodiathermy Procedure: Step-by-Step

Preoperative Preparation

Before the surgery, your doctor may recommend :-

1. Urine tests and imaging (ultrasound or CT scan)

2. Blood tests to check kidney function and rule out infection

3. Temporary pause on certain medications (e.g., blood thinners)

You’ll likely be asked to fast for a few hours before the procedure.

Anesthesia

Cystodiathermy is typically performed under :-

1. Local anesthesia :- For minor procedures (bladder numbing gel)

2. General or spinal anesthesia :- For more extensive procedures or patient comfort

Cystoscope Insertion

The surgeon inserts a cystoscope a thin, tube-like instrument with a camera through the urethra to view the bladder.

Diathermy Application

Once the abnormal tissue is identified :-

1. A diathermy electrode is inserted through the cystoscope.

2. Controlled heat is applied to cauterize, destroy, or remove the problematic tissue.

3. If bleeding is present, it is stopped using coagulation techniques.

Procedure Completion

After treatment :-

1. The area is irrigated to remove debris or blood clots.

2. A urinary catheter may be placed temporarily to help with drainage.

3. The patient is monitored in recovery before discharge.

Benefits of Cystodiathermy Surgery

Cystodiathermy offers several advantages, especially for patients with recurrent bladder problems :-

1. Minimally invasive :- No surgical cuts or incisions

2. Shorter recovery time compared to traditional surgery

3. Quick symptom relief, especially in cases of chronic cystitis or bleeding

4. Preservation of bladder function

5. Outpatient procedure :- Often completed within a few hours

6. Effective tumor control for early-stage bladder cancers

Potential Risks and Complications

Like any medical procedure, cystodiathermy carries some risks. However, serious complications are rare when performed by a qualified urologist.

Possible side effects include :-

1. Mild burning sensation while urinating (temporary)

2. Urinary tract infection (UTI)

3. Blood in urine (hematuria) for a short period

4. Bladder irritation or spasm

5. Urethral stricture or narrowing (rare)

To minimize these risks, your doctor may prescribe antibiotics and recommend increased fluid intake post-surgery.

Recovery After Cystodiathermy

Most patients recover quickly after cystodiathermy surgery. Here’s what you can expect :-

Recovery Time

1. Outpatient discharge on the same day or within 24 hours

2. Return to normal activities within 2–3 days

3. Full healing usually within 1–2 weeks

Postoperative Care Tips

1. Drink plenty of fluids to flush the bladder

2. Avoid strenuous activities for a few days

3. Monitor for signs of infection (fever, burning, foul-smelling urine)

4. Follow-up visit to check healing and results

Avoid

1. Sexual intercourse for about a week or until cleared by your doctor

2. Holding urine for long periods (empty bladder regularly)

Success Rate of Cystodiathermy

Cystodiathermy is highly successful in treating small bladder tumors, relieving chronic inflammation, and controlling bleeding. The success rate is over 85–90% for many of the conditions it’s used to treat. However, for chronic conditions like interstitial cystitis, multiple sessions may be required.

Conclusion

Cystodiathermy surgery is a safe, effective, and minimally invasive treatment for various bladder issues—particularly when conservative treatments fail. From managing persistent cystitis to removing small bladder tumors, this procedure plays a crucial role in modern urological care.