The most common shoulder condition is rotator cuff injury, especially in older people and athletes. Rotator cuff Repair Surgery is a viable option when rest, physiotherapy, and medications do not provide relief. Understanding what is rotator cuff repair can help in making informed decisions about treatment. What is this procedure and when would it be recommended?
What is a Rotator Cuff?
The Rotator Cuff is made up of four muscles and tendon that help to stabilize the shoulder joint, and lift and rotate the arm. These muscles include:
- Supraspinatus
- Infraspinatus
- Teres minor
- Subscapularis
The following causes can cause these tendons to be torn:
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Repetitive overhead activity
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Heavy Lifting
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Trauma or falls
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Degeneration due to age
What is Rotator Cuff Repair?
Rotator Cuff Repair Surgery fixes a torn rotator cuff tendon. The aim is to reattach a torn tendon to the upper arm bone (humerus) head and restore normal functionality.
Three main methods of surgery are available:
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Arthroscopic repair- A minimally invasive technique that uses a small camera and tiny incisions.
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Open Repair- A traditional method that uses a larger incision for severe tears.
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Mini Open Repair combines arthroscopic with open techniques.
Symptoms that may require Rotator Cuff surgery
If you experience the following symptoms repeatedly, it could indicate that surgery is needed.
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Shoulder pain that persists, particularly at night
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Weakness of the shoulder or arm
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Lifting or rotating the arm with difficulty
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Clicking or popping noises during movement
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Inability to carry out daily tasks
How can a Rotator Cuff tear be diagnosed?
Doctors can use any combination of these diagnostic tools.
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Physical Exam: Tests range of motion, shoulder strength and more.
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X rays may show bone spurs and other joint problems.
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Ultrasound or MRI: Visualizes the tear and helps assess severity.
When is Surgery Recommended for You?
When is surgery considered?
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After 6-12 months, non-surgical treatments (resting, physiotherapy, and injections) have failed.
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The tear is complete or large
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Significant weakness or loss in function
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If the patient is active or young, full shoulder strength must be restored.
There are many types of rotator cuff repair surgery
1. Arthroscopic Surgery
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Minimum Invasive
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Recovery time is shorter
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Pain after surgery is reduced
2. Open Surgery
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Larger incision
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Recommended for large tears
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Direct repair is done under full view
3. Mini-Open Surgery
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Combining both techniques
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Repairs can be done precisely and with less complications
What to expect during the Surgical Procedure
Before Surgery
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Physical Assessment
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Imaging tests (MRI and X-rays)
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Anesthesia and its risks: A discussion
During Surgery
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Anesthesia administered by general or regional administration
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Reattaching the tendon using sutures and anchors
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Trimming of bone spurs may be required
Duration:
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The procedure usually takes between 1 and 2 hours
Recovery after Rotator Cuff Surgery
Recovery depends on
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Age
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What type of surgery is performed?
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The severity of the tear
Important Recovery is slow but steady. It is important to follow your physiotherapist’s instructions for the best results.
Benefits of Rotator cuff repair surgery
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Pain relief
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Restorative shoulder flexibility and strength
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Sleep quality can be improved
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Return to everyday activities and sports
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Stopping further shoulder injury
Risks and Complications
Although the surgery is generally considered safe, there are some potential complications.
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Infection
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Nerve damage
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Shoulder stiffness
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Re-tear or incomplete healing
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Blood Clots (rare).
Your surgeon will minimize the risks by taking preventative measures.
Recovery Tips for Better Recovery
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Pain management with prescribed medication
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Attend all your physical therapy sessions
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Heavy lifting is not recommended until the area has been cleared.
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Healthy eating habits are important to promote tissue healing
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Use ergonomics and a shoulder-friendly posture to improve your health.
Cost of Rotator Cuff surgery in India
In India, the cost of rotator-cuff repair surgery can range from Rs80,000 up to Rs2,50,000 depending on hospital, location and surgical technique. Consult with several providers to determine if you are covered by your insurance.
Conclusion
Rotator Cuff Repair Surgery can be an effective treatment when conservative treatments fail to treat severe or persistent shoulder injury. Modern surgical techniques can help patients achieve improved shoulder function and reduced pain. They can also return to their normal activities.
Consult an orthopedic specialist if you are experiencing persistent shoulder pain or issues with mobility.
