Hypertension, also known as hypertension is a medical issue that affects millions around the world. Sometimes, it is described as”a “silent killer,” it usually has no symptoms however it can cause serious complications, such as stroke, heart disease and kidney failure if untreated.
Knowing the causes and risk factors in hypertension is essential to the early identification, treatment and treatment of the disease. This blog will discuss the factors that lead to hypertension and the people most at risk and what you can do to improve your health.
What is Hypertension?
Hypertension is a disease where the force of blood against the walls of the artery is always excessive. The normal reading for blood pressure is about 120/80 millimeters Hg. The most common sign of hypertension is when readings are consistently over 130/80 mmHg.
There are two major kinds of hypertension:
- Primary (essential) hypertension is a condition that is a condition that develops gradually without specific reason.
- Secondary hypertension is caused by an underlying issue like hormone disorders or kidney disease.
Causes of Hypertension
1. Primary Hypertension Causes
Primary hypertension accounts for between 90 and 95 percent of all cases of hypertension. Although there is no specific cause that is known, a variety of causes contribute to the development of hypertension:
A. Genes and Family History
If there is a family member who has high blood pressure, your risk for developing high blood pressure increases. Certain genes could alter blood pressure regulation and salt sensitivity.
b. Age
Blood pressure is prone to rise as we age due to stiffening of arteries and other factors from life.
c. Unhealthy Diet
A diet that is high in sodium (salt) and low in potassium or in saturated fats may increase blood pressure.
d. Inactivity and lack of physical activity
Obesity is a result of sedentary lifestyles and weakened heart function, both of which can increase the risk of hypertension.
E. Obesity and overweight
The excess weight of the body increases the demands on the heart and increases the pressure on the walls of arteries.
f. Alcohol Consumption
Consuming alcohol can cause damage to the heart and increase blood pressure over time.
G. Smoking
Smoking tobacco can raise blood pressure for a short time However, long-term smoking could result in an arterial injury, leading to persistent hypertension.
h. Stress
Chronic stress could increase blood pressure due to hormonal imbalances as well as unhealthy ways of coping (overeating and smoking, etc.).).
2. Secondary Hypertension Causes
Secondary hypertension is typically due to a health issue or a medication. Identifying the cause usually will reduce the blood pressure.
A. Kidney Disease
Kidney damage can affect the body’s ability to regulate blood pressure.
B. Hormonal Disorders
Hyperthyroidism, Cushing’s syndrome or adrenal tumors may affect blood pressure.
C. Sleep Apnea
The interruption of breathing in sleep could cause increased blood pressure.
D. Certain Medications
Birth medication, decongestants the NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications) and steroids can raise blood pressure.
e. Illegal Substances
amphetamines and a variety of stimulants can increase blood pressure.
Major Risk Factors for Hypertension
1. Non-Modifiable Risk Factors
These are risks that you can’t control, but are crucial when assessing your risk profile.
a. Age
The risk increases as you grow older, particularly after 55 for males and 65 years for women.
b. Gender
Males are more likely be diagnosed with hypertension early in life as are women who have gone through postmenopausal cycles more at risk.
C. Family Histories
Genetic predisposition plays a major influence on the formation of high blood pressure.
d. Ethnicity
Some ethnic groups, including African-Americans are at greater risk of being affected and frequently suffer from more severe hypertension.
2. Modifiable Risk Factors
These are risky lifestyle choices that you can reduce or eliminate through conscious choices.
a. Poor Diet
Consumption of high amounts of salt, excess sugar consumption, and fats that are unhealthy can result in an increase in weight and blood pressure.
b. Physical Inactivity
Regular exercise helps to control weight, helps strengthen the heart and helps reduce stress.
c. Tobacco Use
Stopping smoking now can improve your cardiovascular health and reduces the risk of developing hypertension.
D. Drinking excessively Alcohol Consumption
Restricting your alcohol consumption can drastically lower your blood pressure.
E. Chronic Stress
Controlling stress with yoga, mindfulness and other healthy practices is crucial to heart well-being.
f. Obesity
A healthy weight by healthy eating and exercise regularly lowers the risk of developing.
Early Signs and Diagnosis
While hypertension is generally unasymptomatic, a few people might suffer from:
- Headaches
- Dizziness
- Nosebleeds
- Problems with vision
- Chest pain
Regular blood pressure tests are the best way to identify hypertension earlier. Many healthcare professionals recommend annual blood pressure checks after 40 or earlier for those who are at risk.
Prevention and Lifestyle Tips
Knowing the causes and risk factors in hypertension allows the patient to implement preventive steps:
- Reduce your sodium intake: keep it below 2,300 mg/day.
- Eat heart-healthy food: Concentrate on vegetables, fruits whole grains, whole grains, as well as protein that is lean.
- Maintain a regular exercise routine: Plan to do at minimum 150 minutes moderate exercise each week.
- Limit alcohol consumption to no more than one drink per day per woman and 2 drinks for men.
- Control stress by using breath techniques, therapies or other activities to reduce stress.
- Quitting smoking dramatically reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease.
- Monitor blood pressure: Use at-home monitors as well as regular visits to your doctor to keep you informed.
Conclusion
Hypertension is a prevalent but treatable disease. If you are aware of the risk factors and causes in hypertension, you will be able to make educated lifestyle choices to lower the risk of developing it and effectively manage the condition.
From genes and age to lifestyle and diet various factors can are responsible for high blood pressure. While it is impossible to be in control of everything, taking steps to reduce risk factors such as healthy eating exercising, managing stress can dramatically increase your cholesterol levels and general wellbeing.
