Acoustic neuroma is a non-cancerous tumor that forms on the nerve responsible for hearing and balance. Though benign, its impact on daily life can be significant — causing hearing loss, dizziness, and even facial weakness. Fortunately, with timely diagnosis and the right treatment approach, patients can regain hearing function, improve balance, and return to normal life.
What is Acoustic Neuroma?
Acoustic neuroma, also known as vestibular schwannoma, is a slow-growing tumor that develops on the vestibulocochlear nerve — the nerve that connects your ear to your brain. As the tumor enlarges, it can compress surrounding nerves and brain structures, leading to symptoms like:
- One-sided hearing loss
- Persistent ringing in the ear (tinnitus)
- Dizziness or balance problems
- Facial numbness or weakness
Early detection is key to managing the tumor before it causes permanent damage.
When is Treatment Needed?
Not all acoustic neuromas require immediate surgery. Treatment depends on factors such as:
- Tumor size
- Growth rate
- Symptoms
- Patient age and health
Doctors may recommend regular monitoring with MRI scans if the tumor is small and symptom-free. However, if it begins to grow or cause problems, radiation therapy or surgery becomes necessary to prevent further complications.
Advanced Treatment Options for Acoustic Neuroma
- Observation (Watchful Waiting) :- For small, non-symptomatic tumors, doctors may suggest routine MRI scans to monitor growth over time.
- Radiation Therapy :- Non-invasive techniques like Gamma Knife or CyberKnife radiosurgery use focused radiation to stop tumor growth while preserving nerve function. These are ideal for medium-sized tumors or for patients who can’t undergo surgery.
- Microsurgical Removal :- Surgery is often recommended for larger or fast-growing tumors. Performed under general anesthesia, the goal is to remove the tumor while preserving the patient’s hearing and facial nerve function. Skilled neurosurgeons and ENT specialists use minimally invasive techniques to reduce risks and promote faster recovery.
What to Expect During Surgery
Surgical removal involves:
- Pre-operative imaging and planning
- Microsurgical techniques under high magnification
- Continuous nerve monitoring to reduce risk of damage
- Postoperative recovery and follow-up care
Recovery time varies depending on the approach used and the patient’s health. Rehabilitation therapy may be needed for balance or hearing restoration in some cases.
Risks and Complications
While treatments are generally safe, potential risks include:
- Hearing loss
- Facial nerve weakness
- Balance issues
- Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage
With early diagnosis and treatment at a reputed center, the chances of complications are minimized.
