Pneumonectomy is a critical surgical procedure where an entire lung is removed to treat serious conditions such as lung cancer, chronic infections, or severe trauma. It’s generally recommended when the disease affects the majority of the lung and cannot be managed with less extensive surgeries like lobectomy. The goal is to remove diseased tissue and prevent further complications.
There are two primary types of pneumonectomy: standard pneumonectomy and extrapleural pneumonectomy. A standard pneumonectomy removes only the diseased lung, while extrapleural pneumonectomy involves removal of the lung along with parts of the pleura, diaphragm, and possibly the pericardium. The choice of surgery depends on disease spread, type of tumor, and the overall health condition of the patient.
The most common cause of pneumonectomy is lung cancer, especially when it’s located near the lung hilum. Other causes include chronic infections like tuberculosis, fungal infections, traumatic lung damage, and non-cancerous tumors that compromise large parts of the lung. When disease spreads widely or centrally, removing the entire lung may offer the best chance for survival.
Patients who experience persistent cough, coughing up blood, chest pain, and severe shortness of breath may need a pneumonectomy. A tumor located centrally in the lung or bronchus, unresponsive to other treatments, is a common indication. These symptoms are often signs of severe or advanced lung disease, where conservative treatments or less invasive surgeries are no longer effective.
Diagnosis starts with a clinical evaluation, followed by imaging tests such as chest X-rays, CT scans, and PET scans. A bronchoscopy may also be done to examine the airways and collect tissue samples. Lung function tests assess whether a patient can live with one lung, helping doctors decide if pneumonectomy is a viable and safe surgical solution.
Pneumonectomy is performed under general anesthesia and typically involves a hospital stay. The surgeon removes the entire affected lung, and the chest cavity is managed carefully to adjust to single-lung function. Post-operative care includes pain control, infection prevention, lung rehabilitation, and continuous monitoring of oxygen levels to help the patient adapt and recover safely.
Seek medical advice immediately if you notice persistent symptoms related to lung function or cancer.
Ongoing chest pain not linked to injury could indicate deeper lung issues that require imaging and further evaluation.
Coughing up blood is always serious and may suggest infections, tumors, or vascular issues requiring urgent assessment.
A decline in breathing comfort, especially at rest, may signal lung obstruction or collapse.
Recurring pneumonia or bronchitis could be a sign of structural issues within the lung.
Rapid weight loss without dieting can signal serious internal illness like cancer.
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Yes, it’s a major operation that involves removing an entire lung. It’s usually done under general anesthesia and requires hospitalization and follow-up.
Recovery can take several weeks to months. Patients typically stay in the hospital for 5–7 days, followed by pulmonary rehab.
Yes, many people live healthy lives with one lung. The remaining lung adapts over time to handle breathing needs.
Risks include infection, bleeding, respiratory issues, or heart complications. Choosing an experienced surgeon reduces these risks.
The decision is based on tumor location, lung function tests, and overall health. Doctors assess whether the patient can live safely with one lung.
