Kidney stone removal are a painful but common urological issue that affects millions of people each year. When stones become too large or don’t pass naturally, various medical procedures like lithotripsy, ureteroscopy, or percutaneous nephrolithotomy are used to remove them. While these procedures are generally safe and effective, it’s normal for patients to experience certain symptoms after kidney stone removal. Understanding these post operative symptoms can help in managing recovery effectively and knowing when to seek medical help.

There are several effective methods for kidney stone removal, including shock wave lithotripsy (SWL), ureteroscopy, and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). These procedures, while safe and commonly performed, involve manipulation of the urinary tract, which can lead to a range of post-operative symptoms.

Common Symptoms of Kidney Stone Removal

Following the removal of kidney stones, many patients experience mild to moderate symptoms as their body heals. These symptoms can vary depending on the method used for removal and the size or location of the stones.

Mild Pain and Discomfort :- It’s common to feel some level of discomfort or dull pain in the lower back, sides, or abdomen after kidney stone removal. This is usually due to manipulation of the urinary tract during the procedure. If a stent is placed in the ureter to ensure urine flow, it may also contribute to sensations of pressure, cramping, or discomfort.

Pain usually subsides within a few days and can be managed effectively with over-the-counter pain relievers or prescribed medication.
Blood in the Urine (Hematuria) :- Another common symptom is the presence of blood in the urine, medically known as hematuria. The urine may appear pink, red, or slightly brownish. This is typically a result of the urinary tract being irritated during the procedure. Mild hematuria is normal and usually fades away within a few days post-surgery.

However, if the bleeding is heavy or persists beyond a week, it is advisable to consult your doctor immediately.
Frequent Urination and Urgency :- Patients often experience changes in urination patterns after the procedure. These changes may include the need to urinate more frequently, an increased sense of urgency, or even a mild burning sensation during urination. These symptoms are generally temporary and linked to the healing of the ureter and bladder.

Drinking plenty of fluids helps flush the urinary tract and reduce irritation, which can help these symptoms resolve more quickly.

Symptoms Related to Ureteral Stents

In many kidney stone removal procedures, especially after ureteroscopy or lithotripsy, a ureteral stent may be inserted temporarily to facilitate urine drainage. While helpful, stents can cause several symptoms that patients should be aware of

Bladder Irritation :- The stent can rub against the bladder wall, causing irritation. This may result in a persistent urge to urinate or a sensation that the bladder is never fully empty. Some patients also report bladder spasms or discomfort.
Flank Pain :- Pain on one side of the lower back, particularly during urination, can be related to the movement of urine through the stent. This symptom usually improves once the stent is removed, typically within a week or two.
Mild Fever or Chills :- A low grade fever may occur as a natural response to the surgery. However, if the fever exceeds 101°F (38.3°C) or is accompanied by chills, it could indicate an infection, and medical evaluation is necessary.

Symptoms That Require Medical Attention

While most post-procedure symptoms are mild and resolve on their own, certain signs may indicate complications such as infection, blockage, or injury to the urinary tract.

Severe or Increasing Pain :- If pain intensifies rather than decreases over time, it may indicate a blockage, infection, or internal injury. Contact your healthcare provider if pain persists or becomes unbearable despite medication.
High Fever and Chills :- A high fever, especially when paired with chills or flu-like symptoms, could be a sign of urinary tract infection (UTI) or sepsis, both of which require prompt medical treatment.
Persistent Nausea or Vomiting :- Occasional nausea can be normal post-procedure due to anesthesia or medications, but persistent nausea and vomiting may be a sign of complications and should not be ignored.
Heavy Bleeding in Urine :- If urine turns bright red, includes visible blood clots, or continues to be heavily discolored for more than a few days, it’s important to inform your doctor immediately.

Recovery Tips After Kidney Stone Removal

To reduce symptoms and promote faster healing, follow these general recovery tips

Stay Hydrated :- Drink plenty of fluids to flush out any remaining stone fragments and help your urinary tract heal.
Take Prescribed Medications :- Use antibiotics or pain relievers as advised by your doctor to prevent infection and manage discomfort.
Avoid Strenuous Activities :- For at least a week after the procedure, avoid heavy lifting or intense exercise.
Follow-Up Appointments :- Attend all scheduled follow-up visits to monitor healing and, if needed, remove any stents.

How Long Do Symptoms Last?

In most cases, mild symptoms like pain, blood in urine, and urinary frequency last for 3 to 7 days post-procedure. If a stent is used, symptoms may continue until it is removed, which is usually within 5 to 14 days. Complete recovery may take anywhere from one to three weeks, depending on the patient’s overall health and the complexity of the procedure.

Conclusion

Experiencing symptoms after kidney stone removal is a normal part of the healing process. Most symptoms like pain, mild hematuria, and urinary discomfort are temporary and manageable. However, it’s essential to know the difference between typical post-operative signs and potential warning symptoms that could signal complications.