Symptoms of Lower Segment Cesarean Section

Lower Segment Cesarean Section (LSCS) is one of the most common surgical procedures performed to deliver a baby when a vaginal delivery is not possible or safe. While it is a routine and generally safe operation, LSCS is still major abdominal surgery, and like any surgery, it comes with its own set of post operative symptoms and recovery experiences. Understanding the symptoms of LSCS helps new mothers know what is normal and what could be a sign of complications.

The birth of a baby is one of life’s most transformative experiences, and for many women, this journey involves undergoing a cesarean section. Among the different types of cesarean deliveries, the Lower Segment Cesarean Section (LSCS) is the most commonly performed technique worldwide. It involves a horizontal incision in the lower part of the uterus, offering a safer and more efficient method for delivering babies when vaginal delivery poses risks to the mother or child.

What is Lower Segment Cesarean Section (LSCS)?

A Lower Segment Cesarean Section refers to a surgical delivery in which an incision is made in the lower part of the uterus, usually just above the pubic bone. This approach is widely preferred because it minimizes blood loss, results in less postoperative pain, and offers faster healing compared to classical (vertical) incisions. LSCS is used in both emergency and planned cesarean deliveries.

Common Symptoms of Lower Segment Cesarean Section

After undergoing LSCS, a woman’s body goes through significant healing. Here are the most commonly experienced symptoms

1. Postoperative Pain and Discomfort :- Mild to moderate abdominal pain and tenderness are expected after LSCS. The pain is usually around the incision site and can last for several days or even a couple of weeks. The intensity varies based on individual pain thresholds and the use of pain-relief medications. Moving, coughing, or laughing may intensify the discomfort temporarily.
2. Incision Site Sensations :- The surgical incision on the lower abdomen may feel sore, numb, or itchy during the healing process. These sensations are normal and result from the skin and nerves adjusting to the surgical trauma. Some women might also feel a pulling or tightness near the stitches, especially when getting up or walking.
3. Vaginal Bleeding (Lochia) :- Despite a cesarean delivery, vaginal bleeding still occurs as the uterus sheds its lining after birth. This discharge, called lochia, is initially bright red and heavy, gradually becoming lighter and brownish over the next few weeks. Bleeding can last for four to six weeks but should reduce steadily.
4. Fatigue and Weakness :- Fatigue is common after childbirth, but cesarean section adds another layer due to surgical recovery. Blood loss during surgery, anesthesia effects, and the physical toll of delivery contribute to extreme tiredness in the first week. It’s important to rest as much as possible and avoid strenuous activities.
5. Abdominal Bloating and Gas :- Due to reduced mobility, anesthesia, and the impact of surgery on intestinal function, women may experience gas retention, bloating, and even mild constipation. These symptoms are usually temporary and improve with walking, dietary adjustments, and medication if needed.
6. Mood Swings and Baby Blues :- After a cesarean section, many women experience mood swings, irritability, or sadness commonly known as “baby blues.” These symptoms are related to hormonal changes, sleep deprivation, and the emotional demands of caring for a newborn. They typically improve within a few days to a couple of weeks.
7. Feelings of Disappointment or Guilt :- Some women who hoped for a vaginal delivery might feel disappointed or guilty about having a cesarean. It’s important to acknowledge that a cesarean section, whether planned or unplanned, is a medically necessary and life saving procedure, not a failure.
8. Delayed Milk Production :- Due to anesthesia and surgical stress, some women may experience a delay in the onset of lactation. Skin to skin contact and frequent breastfeeding can stimulate milk production and improve bonding.
9. Difficulty Finding Comfortable Positions :- Pain near the incision site can make it hard to find a comfortable position for breastfeeding. Side-lying or football-hold positions are often recommended post-cesarean to reduce strain on the abdomen.

Signs of Healing vs. Warning Signs

1. Normal Healing Symptoms

   • Mild redness or itching near the incision

   • Light cramping as the uterus contracts

   • Gradual fading of abdominal swelling

   • Intermittent fatigue or tiredness

   These are usually not a cause for concern, especially if they improve daily.

2. When to Contact a Doctor :- While many LSCS symptoms are harmless, some signs require prompt medical attention

   • Fever above 100.4°F (38°C) :- Could indicate infection at the incision site or inside the uterus.

   • Severe abdominal pain or worsening pain :- Could point to internal bleeding or other complications.

   • Foul smelling vaginal discharge :- A sign of postpartum infection.

   • Red, swollen, or pus filled incision :- Suggests a wound infection.

   • Heavy vaginal bleeding or large blood clots :- May indicate secondary postpartum hemorrhage.

   • Shortness of breath or chest pain :- Can be a symptom of a pulmonary embolism a rare but serious complication.

   Don’t hesitate to reach out to your healthcare provider if anything feels unusual or concerning.

Tips for Managing LSCS Symptoms at Home

To ease the recovery process and reduce discomfort, new mothers can follow some simple home care practices

1. Stay mobile but take it slow :- Gentle walking helps circulation and prevents blood clots but avoid lifting heavy objects.

2. Use a support belt or pillow :- This can support the incision area while coughing, sneezing, or feeding the baby.

3. Eat a high-fiber diet :- Prevents constipation, which is common after surgery.

4. Stay hydrated :- Water aids in healing and supports lactation.

5. Follow up with your OB GYN :- Attend all postnatal appointments to monitor recovery progress.

Conclusion

Experiencing symptoms after a Lower Segment Cesarean Section is part of the normal postpartum recovery process. While the initial days may be challenging due to pain, bleeding, and emotional ups and downs, most women recover completely within six to eight weeks.