Strabismus, commonly known as crossed eyes or squint, is a vision disorder where both eyes do not align properly and point in different directions. One eye may look straight ahead while the other turns inward, outward, upward, or downward. This misalignment can occur occasionally or be constant and is often noticeable in children, though it can affect adults too.
What Causes Strabismus?
Strabismus can be caused by:
- Muscle imbalance in the eyes
- Nerve injury or damage
- Uncorrected vision problems (like farsightedness)
- Congenital conditions present at birth
- Stroke or brain injury (in adults)
- Genetic factors and family history
Early detection and treatment are crucial to avoid complications such as amblyopia (lazy eye) or permanent vision loss.
What is Strabismus Surgery?
Strabismus surgery, also known as eye muscle surgery, is a medical procedure performed to correct the alignment of the eyes by adjusting the muscles responsible for eye movement.
The goal of the surgery is to:
- Improve eye alignment
- Enhance depth perception
- Restore binocular vision
- Improve appearance and boost confidence
This surgery is commonly done under general anesthesia and is typically a day-care procedure, especially for children.
How is the Strabismus Surgery Performed?
During strabismus surgery:
- The ophthalmologist makes a small incision in the eye’s conjunctiva (the clear membrane covering the white of the eye).
- The eye muscles are either tightened or loosened, depending on the type and direction of the eye misalignment.
- No skin incisions are made – all work is done on the surface of the eye.
- In some advanced cases, adjustable sutures are used to fine-tune the eye’s position post-surgery.
- The procedure typically lasts 30 to 90 minutes, depending on the complexity and whether one or both eyes need correction.
Is Strabismus Surgery Safe for Children?
Yes, strabismus surgery is considered safe and effective for children. Pediatric ophthalmologists often recommend early surgical intervention if non-surgical options like glasses or patching are not effective.
The earlier the condition is treated, the better the chances of restoring normal binocular vision in children.
Recovery After Strabismus Surgery
Recovery is generally quick and smooth. Here’s what to expect:
- Mild discomfort, redness, or swelling for a few days
- Eye drops or ointments to prevent infection
- Light activities can be resumed within 1–2 days
- Full recovery within 1–2 weeks
Your doctor may schedule a follow-up to check eye alignment and healing. In some cases, additional procedures may be needed to achieve optimal results.
Benefits of Strabismus Surgery
- Improved appearance and self-esteem
- Restored proper eye alignment
- Enhanced depth perception and 3D vision
- Reduced or eliminated double vision
- Greater eye coordination
Are There Alternatives to Surgery?
Yes, depending on the severity and cause of strabismus, other treatment options include:
Prescription glasses or contact lenses
- Eye exercises (orthoptics)
- Prism lenses
- Botulinum toxin (Botox) injections
However, in moderate to severe cases, surgery remains the most effective long-term solution.
When Should You Consult an Eye Specialist?
You should consult an ophthalmologist if you notice:
- Eye misalignment in your child beyond 4–6 months of age
- Sudden double vision or eye drift in adults
- Difficulty focusing or coordinating vision
Timely evaluation and diagnosis are crucial to preventing permanent vision problems.
Conclusion
Strabismus surgery is a safe and effective treatment to correct eye misalignment, significantly improving both vision and appearance. It helps restore proper eye coordination, boosting confidence and quality of life. Whether for children or adults, early diagnosis and timely surgical intervention can prevent long-term visual complications. Always consult an experienced ophthalmologist to determine the best course of treatment. With modern techniques and high success rates, strabismus surgery offers renewed hope for clearer, more aligned vision. If you’re experiencing symptoms of eye misalignment, don’t delay—seek expert care and take a step toward better eye health and visual clarity today.
